Изворни код странице Hronologija pravljenja eksploziva

Ovo je vremenska linija razvijanja i pravljenja [[eksploziv]]a.

== Vremenska linija ==

{| class="wikitable" width="100%"
! style="width:8%" | Godina(e) || Događaj
!Izvor
|-
|1. milenijum
|Razvijen je [[barut]], prvi [[eksploziv]].
|{{sfn|Padmanabhan|2019|p=59}}{{sfn|Romane|2020|p=220}} 
|-
|1040 - 1044
|Knjiga Vujing Zongiao sadrži tri formule za [[barut]], prvu takvu referencu.
|
|-
|1267
|Opus Majus [[Роџер Бејкон|Rodžera Bekona]] sadrži prvu evropsku referencu o [[barut]]u.
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-05-12 |title=Roger Bacon {{!}} Philosophy, Biography, & Facts {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Roger-Bacon |access-date=2023-06-27 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|1659
|[[Amonijum nitrat]] je prvi sintetizovao [[Јохан Рудолф Глаубер|Johan Rudolf Glauber]]; nije korišćen kao [[eksploziv]] do [[Први светски рат|Prvog svetskog rata]].
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-08-06 |title=The deadly history of ammonium nitrate, the explosive linked to the Beirut blast |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/deadly-history-ammonium-nitrate-explosive-linked-to-beirut-blast |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210320115331/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/deadly-history-ammonium-nitrate-explosive-linked-to-beirut-blast |url-status=dead |archive-date=March 20, 2021 |access-date=2023-06-27 |website=Science |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|1745
|[[Вилијам Вотсон|Vilijam Votson]] pokazuje da električna varnica može da zapali [[barut]], demonstrirajući prvi [[detonator]].
|<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Royal Society (Great Britain) |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/204890 |title=Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London |last2=Britain) |first2=Royal Society (Great |last3=Hutton |first3=Charles |last4=Maty |first4=Paul Henry |last5=Pearson |first5=Richard |last6=Shaw |first6=George |last7=Stuart |first7=Alexander |last8=Britain) |first8=Royal Society (Great |last9=Britain) |first9=Royal Society (Great |date=1744 |publisher=Royal Society of London |volume=43 |location=London}}</ref>
|-
|1845
|[[Nitrocellulose]] is invented by [[Christian Friedrich Schönbein|Christian Schoenbein]].
|<ref name="britannica.com">{{Cite web |title=Explosive - Nitramon, Nitramex, and Smokeless Powder {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/technology/explosive/Other-explosives |access-date=2023-06-27 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| 1846 || [[Nitroceluloza|Nitrocelulozu]] je izumeo [[Kristijan Šonbajn]].
|<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Magazine |first1=Smithsonian |last2=Eschner |first2=Kat |title=The Man Who Invented Nitroglycerin Was Horrified By Dynamite |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/man-who-invented-nitroglycerin-was-horrified-dynamite-180965192/ |access-date=2023-06-27 |website=Smithsonian Magazine |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Explosive - Black Powder, Gunpowder, Glazing, and Safety Fuse {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/technology/explosive/Manufacture-of-black-powder |access-date=2023-06-27 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|1863
|[[TNT (eksploziv)|TNT]] je izumeo [[Džulijus Vilbrand]], ali se koristi samo kao žuta boja.
|<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Szondy |first=David |date=2018-06-15 |title=New explosive could render toxic TNT obsolete |url=https://newatlas.com/tnt-substitute-explosive/55048/ |access-date=2023-06-27 |website=New Atlas |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Sep 3, 1864
|[[Eksplozija]] [[nitroglicerin]]a u fabrici [[Имануел Нобел|Imanuela Nobela]] ubila je najmlađeg brata [[Алфред Нобел|Alfreda Nobela]] [[Емил Оскар Нобел|Emila Oskara Nobela]] i pet drugih radnika fabrike.
|<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Alfred Nobel's Industrial Activities in Vinterviken |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/alfred-nobel/alfred-nobels-industrial-activities-in-vinterviken/ |access-date=2023-06-27 |website=NobelPrize.org |language=en-US}}</ref>
|-
|Nov 28, 1864
|[[Alfred Nobel]] osniva svoju prvu kompaniju, Nitroglicerin Aktiebolaget, prvog komercijalnog proizvođača [[nitroglicerin]]a.
|<ref name="tekniskamuseet">{{cite web|title=Alfred Nobel – Dynamit|url=https://www.tekniskamuseet.se/lar-dig-mer/svenska-uppfinnare-och-innovatorer/alfred-nobel-dynamit/|publisher=[[Swedish National Museum of Science and Technology]]|access-date=1 October 2017|language=sv-SE|archive-date=3 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171003064331/https://www.tekniskamuseet.se/lar-dig-mer/svenska-uppfinnare-och-innovatorer/alfred-nobel-dynamit/|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|1865
|[[Alfred Nobel]] razvija [[detonator]] koristeći [[Živa(II) fulminate|živin fulminat]] u bakarnoj kapsuli za detonaciju [[nitroglicerin]]a.
|<ref name=":0"/>
|-
| valign="top" | 1866 || [[Dinamit]] je izumeo [[Alfred Nobel]] mešanjem [[nitroglicerin]]a sa [[Silicijum dioksid|silicijum dioksidom]]. To je prvi [[eksploziv]] za bezbedno upravljanje jači od [[barut]]a.
|<ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=Alfred Nobel Was the Inventor of This Explosive Substance |url=https://www.thoughtco.com/history-of-dynamite-1991564 |access-date=2023-06-27 |website=ThoughtCo |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|1867
|Upotreba [[amonijum nitrat]]a u [[eksploziv]]ima je patentirana u [[Шведска|Švedskoj]].
|<ref name="ReferenceA">{{Cite web |title=Explosive - Nitroglycerin, Ammonium Nitrate, and TNT Isomers {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/technology/explosive/Dynamite |access-date=2023-06-27 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|1875
|[[Gelignit|Gelignit]], prvi [[plastični eksploziv]], izumeo je [[Alfred Nobel]].
|<ref>{{Cite magazine |title=How to handle gelignite |language=en-GB |magazine=Wired UK |url=https://www.wired.co.uk/article/how-to-handle-gelignite |access-date=2023-06-27 |issn=1357-0978}}</ref><ref name="ReferenceA"/>
|-
| valign="top" | 1884 || [[Paul Marie Eugene Vieille]] kreira [[Poudre B]], prvi praktični [[bezdimni barut]].
|<ref name="britannica.com"/>
|-
|1891
|Eksplozivna svojstva [[TNT (eksploziv)|TNT-a]] otkrio je [[Karl Hauserman]].
|<ref name=":1" />
|-
|1894
|[[PETN]] je patentirao Rheinisch-Vestfalische Sprengstoff AG.
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=PETN {{!}} chemical compound {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/science/PETN |access-date=2023-06-27 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|1898
| [[Heksogen|RDX]] je izumeo Georg [[Fridrih Hening]], ali nije korišćen do [[Други светски рат|Drugog svetskog rata]].
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-06-16 |title=RDX {{!}} explosive {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/technology/RDX |access-date=2023-06-27 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|1906
|[[Dunit]] je izumeo major američke vojske [[Beverli V. Dan]].
|
|-
|1908
|Prvi [[Детонирајући штапин|detonirajući kabl]], olovna cev punjena [[TNT (eksploziv)|TNT-om]], patentirana je u [[Француска|Francuskoj]].
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Explosive - Detonating Cord, Primacord, TNT, and Shaped Charge {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/technology/explosive/Detonating-cord |access-date=2023-06-27 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|Dec 6, 1917
|[[Eksplozija u Halifaksu]]: Teret [[TNT (eksploziv)|TNT-a]], [[Pikrinska kiselina|pikrinske kiseline]], [[benzol]]a i [[pamuk]]a na brodu eksplodira nakon sudara, ubivši najmanje 1.782 ljudi. Bila je to najveća veštačka eksplozija u to vreme.
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2013-02-01 |title=Halifax Explosion |url=https://maritimemuseum.novascotia.ca/what-see-do/halifax-explosion |access-date=2023-06-27 |website=Maritime Museum of the Atlantic}}</ref>
|-
|Apr 16, 1947
|[[Katastrofa u Teksas Sitiju]]: 2.100 metričkih tona [[amonijum nitrat]]a na usidrenom brodu eksplodiralo, ubivši najmanje 581 osobu, što je najsmrtonosnija industrijska nesreća u istoriji [[SAD]].
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-06-06 |title=Texas City explosion of 1947 {{!}} industrial disaster, Texas City, Texas, United States [1947] {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/event/Texas-City-explosion-of-1947 |access-date=2023-06-27 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|1952
|[[Semteks]], [[plastični eksploziv]] opšte namene koji sadrži [[Heksogen|RDX]] i [[PETN]], izumeo je [[Stanislav Brebera]].
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-12-07 |title=Czech inventions that took the world by storm: the verzatilka, the patentka and Semtex |url=https://czech-presidency.consilium.europa.eu/en/news/czech-inventions-that-took-the-world-by-storm-the-verzatilka-the-patentka-and-semtex/ |access-date=2023-06-27 |website=Czech Presidency of the Council of the European Union |language=en}}</ref>
|-
|1955
|[[ANFO]] je razvijen, koji se sastoji od 94% [[Амонијум-нитратни експлозив|amonijum nitrat]]a.
|<ref name="britannica.com"/>
|-
|1956
|[[C-4 (eksploziv)|C-4]] je razvijen kao deo [[Kompozicija C|Kompozicije C]] porodice plastičnih eksploziva; sadrži 91% [[Heksogen|RDX]].
|
|-
|Aug 4, 2020
|[[Експлозије у Бејруту 2020.|Eksplozija u Bejrutu]]: Eksplodira velika količina [[amonijum nitrat]]a, uzrokujući najmanje 218 smrtnih slučajeva.
|<ref>{{Cite news |date=2020-08-05 |title=Beirut explosion: What we know so far |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-53668493 |access-date=2023-06-27}}</ref>
|}

== Vidi još ==

* [[Istorija baruta]]
* [[Vremenski okvir doba baruta]]
* [[Najveće veštačke nenuklearne eksplozije]]
* [[Spisak katastrofa sa amonijum nitratom]]
* [[Spisak eksploziva korišćenih tokom Drugog svetskog rata]]

== Reference ==

{{reflist}}

== Literatura ==
*{{citation|last=Padmanabhan|first=Thanu|year=2019|title=The Dawn of Science: Glimpses from History for the Curious Mind}}
*{{citation|last=Romane|first=Julian|year=2020|title=The First & Second Italian Wars 1494-1504}}

{{Подножје|lat=da}}

[[Категорија:Експлозиви]]